A parastomal hernia is a type of hernia that develops around a stoma—the surgical opening created in the abdomen to allow waste to exit the body (such as with a colostomy or ileostomy).
It occurs when abdominal contents, like fat or a loop of intestine, push through the weakened muscle area surrounding the stoma, creating a bulge next to it.
Why it happens
When a stoma is created, it naturally creates a permanent opening in the abdominal wall. Over time, that area can weaken further, increasing the risk of a hernia. Contributing factors include:
- Increased abdominal pressure (coughing, straining, heavy lifting)
- Obesity
- Aging or weakened muscles
- Poor wound healing
Symptoms
- A bulge or swelling around the stoma
- Changes in how the stoma appliance fits or seals
- Discomfort or pain
- Skin irritation due to leakage
